SAT寫(xiě)作素材雙語(yǔ)之柏拉圖

　　柏拉圖

　　柏拉圖出身于雅典一個(gè)名門(mén)貴族家庭，自幼受到良好的教育，20 歲時(shí)師從蘇格拉底研究哲學(xué)，蘇格拉底死后，柏拉圖曾離開(kāi)雅典在外游歷，12 年后回到雅典，創(chuàng)立了阿加德米學(xué)園，在那里講學(xué)直到逝世為止。柏拉圖是古典時(shí)代著作豐富而作品似乎完整齊全留傳下來(lái)的唯一作家。在他留給后人的 36 篇對(duì)話(huà)錄中，《理想國(guó)》和《法律篇》較集中地反映了他的教育學(xué)說(shuō)，圍繞培養(yǎng)哲學(xué)王的教育問(wèn)題，他構(gòu)思了一個(gè)龐大的教育體系。柏拉圖在物質(zhì)世界以外尋求事物的本原，建立了以理念論為核心的客觀唯心

　　主義哲學(xué)體系。理念論的基本內(nèi)容是將理性世界和感覺(jué)世界對(duì)立起來(lái)，認(rèn)為感性的具體事物

　　不是真實(shí)的存在，在感覺(jué)世界之外還有一個(gè)永恒不變的、獨(dú)立的、真實(shí)存在的理念世界。

　　Plato

　　Plato , Greek philosopher, one of the most creative and influential thinkers inWestern philosophy. He was born to an aristocratic family in Athens. His father, Ariston, was believed to have descended from the early kings of Athens. Perictione, his mother, was distantly related to the 6th-century bc lawmaker Solon. When Plato was a child, his father died, and his mother married Pyrilampes, who was an associate of the statesman Pericles.

　　As a young man Plato had political ambitions, but he became disillusioned by the political leadership in Athens. He eventually became a disciple of Socrates, accepting his basic philosophy and dialectical style of debate: the pursuit of truth through questions, answers, and additional questions. Plato witnessed the death of Socrates at the hands of the Athenian democracy in 399 bc. Perhaps fearing for his own safety, he left Athens temporarily and traveled to Italy, Sicily, andEgypt.

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